This YEAR IN HISTORY.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Tue Apr 13, 2010 03:34:39 am

162 BCE

Lysias then lays siege to Jerusalem. Just when capitulation by the Maccabees seems imminent, Lysias has to withdraw when the commander-in-chief under the late Seleucid king Antiochus IV Epiphanes, Philip, rebels against him. As a result, Lysias decides to propose a peaceful settlement which is accepted by the Maccabees. The terms of peace involve the restoration of religious freedom, permission for the Jews to live in accordance with their own laws, and the official return of the Temple in Jerusalem to the Jews.

A model of Herod's Temple adjacent to the Shrine of the Book exhibit at the Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

iomoon · **Posted:** Tue Apr 13, 2010 11:55:36 am

163 BCE

In the turmoil following the death of Antiochus IV, the governor of Media, Timarchus, becomes the independent ruler of Media, opposing Lysias who is acting as regent for young king Antiochus V Eupator.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Tue Apr 13, 2010 22:54:38 pm

164 BCE

The Seleucid king Antiochus IV Epiphanes dies while on a campaign in Tabae (or Gabae, now Isfahan) in Persia. He is succeeded by his son Antiochus V Eupator who is only nine years old. The regent for the boy is the late king's chancellor, Lysias, who has been left in charge of Syria when Antiochus IV departed for his campaign in Persia. Lysias is, however, seriously challenged by other Syrian generals and finds himself with a precarious hold on power. To make matters worse for him, the Roman Senate is holding Demetrius, the son of the former king Seleucus IV and, therefore, the rightful heir to the Seleucid throne, as a hostage. By threatening to release him, the Senate is able to influence events in the Seleucid kingdom.

Naghsh-i Jahan Square, Isfahan, Iran

nigelc · **Posted:** Wed Apr 14, 2010 00:57:49 am

MrSamoa wrote:

164 BCE

Naghsh-i Jahan Square, Isfahan, Iran

Thanks for posting this picture MrSamoa - It takes me back to a very happy visit to Isfahan many years ago.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Wed Apr 14, 2010 03:25:14 am

nigelc: My pleasure

iomoon · **Posted:** Wed Apr 14, 2010 04:40:20 am

165 BC

Death of Perseus, the last king of Macedonia, who has ruled from 179 BC to 168 BC and whose attempts to dominate Greece has brought on the final defeat of Macedonia by the Romans, leading to the Roman annexation of the region.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Wed Apr 14, 2010 22:49:38 pm

166 BCE

The leader of the Jewish revolt against Syria rule, Mattathias, dies and his third son, Judas, assumes leadership of the revolt in accordance with the deathbed disposition of his father

Mattathias from "Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum "

iomoon · **Posted:** Thu Apr 15, 2010 09:55:36 am

167 BCE

King Antiochus IV Epiphanes, believing Judea to be in revolt, returns to there after the failure of his Egyptian campaign and orders his soldiers to cut down without mercy those whom they meet and to slay those who have taken refuge in their houses. In the space of three days, 80,000 are lost in Jerusalem, 40,000 meeting a violent death, and the same number being sold into slavery.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Thu Apr 15, 2010 23:02:15 pm

168 BCE

June 22â€”The Battle of Pydna (in southern Macedonia) gives Roman forces under Lucius Aemilius Paulus a crushing victory over Perseus and his Macedonian forces, thus ending the Third Macedonian War. Perseus is captured by the Romans and will spend the rest of his life in captivity at Alba Fucens, near Rome.

Alba Fucens in front of Monte Velino. June 2003.

iomoon · **Posted:** Sat Apr 17, 2010 10:17:32 am

169 BCE

Lex Voconia (The Voconian Law) is introduced in Rome by the tribune, Quintus Voconius Saxa, with the support of Cato the Elder. This law prohibits those who own property valued at 100,000 sesterces from making a woman their heir.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Sat Apr 17, 2010 10:22:47 am

170 BCE

In Thessaly, King Perseus of Macedon repulses a Roman army which is commanded by Aulus Hostilius Mancinus. Meanwhile, the Thracian city of Abdera is sacked by Roman and Pergamese troops.

iomoon · **Posted:** Sun Apr 18, 2010 01:55:03 am

171 BCE

Thanks to the efforts of Eumenes II of Pergamum while in Rome, the Romans declare war on Macedonia and send troops to Thessaly, thus beginning the Third Macedonian War. In the resulting Battle of Callicinus the Macedonians, led by their king, Perseus, are victorious over a Roman force led by consul Publius Licinius Crassus.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Mon Apr 19, 2010 22:50:51 pm

172 BCE

Since the reign of the Seleucid king, Antiochus III, the Jewish inhabitants of Judea enjoy extensive autonomy under their high priest. However, they are divided into two parties, the orthodox Hasideans (Pious Ones) and a reform party that favours Hellenism. Antiochus IV supports the reform party because of the financial support they provide him with. In return for a considerable payment, he has permitted the high priest, Jason, to build a gymnasium in Jerusalem and to introduce the Greek mode of educating young people. Jason's time as high priest is brought to an abrupt end when he sends Menelaus, the brother of Simon the Benjaminite, to deliver money to Antiochus IV. Menelaus takes this opportunity to "outbid" Jason for the priesthood, resulting in Antiochus IV confirming Menelaus as the High Priest.

The Judean hills.

Draccae · **Posted:** Tue Apr 20, 2010 09:52:48 am

173 BCE...

One year after his mother, Cleopatra I, dies...Ptolemy VI Philometor marries his sister, Cleopatra II.

Ring of Ptolemy VI Philometor as Egyptian pharaoh
(Louvre, Paris)

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Tue Apr 20, 2010 23:00:14 pm

174 BCE

Mongolia: The Xiongnu attack the Tocharians, and force them away from Gansu.

Chinese : ç”˜è‚ƒçœ GÄnsÃ¹ ShÄ›ng

Origin of name ç”˜ gÄn - Ganzhou (Zhangye)
è‚ƒ sÃ¹ - Suzhou (Jiuquan)

iomoon · **Posted:** Wed Apr 21, 2010 10:28:01 am

175 BCE

The construction of the western front of the altar in Pergamum, Turkey begins (approximate date) and is finished in 156 BC. A reconstruction of it is now kept at the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Pergamonmuseum in Berlin.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Wed Apr 21, 2010 22:57:12 pm

176 BCE

The Roman general, Tiberius Gracchus Major, subdues Sardinia, enslaving some of the population.

iomoon · **Posted:** Sun Apr 25, 2010 10:31:48 am

177 BCE

Luni in northern Italy is founded by the Romans with the name Luna at the mouth of the Magra River.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Mon Apr 26, 2010 23:01:59 pm

178 BCE

In Rome, the praetor Lucius Postumius Albinus celebrates a triumph after conquering the Vaccaei and Lusitani during his time as Roman commander in the province of Hispania Ulterior.

iomoon · **Posted:** Wed Apr 28, 2010 09:50:33 am

179 BCE

The Pons Aemilius is completed across the Tiber River in Rome. It is regarded as the world's first stone bridge.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Wed Apr 28, 2010 22:40:24 pm

180 BCE

After three years of intriguing against his younger brother Demetrius, including accusing him of coveting the succession to the Macedonian throne and being allied to Rome, Perseus persuades his father King Philip V of Macedon to have Demetrius executed.

Tetradrachm of Perseus of Macedon. British Museum.

iomoon · **Posted:** Fri Apr 30, 2010 10:34:16 am

181 BCE

Ptolemy V is poisoned after a reign of 24 years in which the Egyptian kingdom has declined in power and influence and has lost most of its empire outside Egypt other than Cyprus and Cyrenaica. The elder of his two sons, Ptolemy VI Philometor succeeds him, but since he is an infant, he rules under the regency of his mother Cleopatra the Syrian.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Fri Apr 30, 2010 22:44:00 pm

182 BCE

Birth of Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II, king of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt (d. 116 BC)

Silver didrachma of Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II (Physcon) - obverse

bonfiregirl · **Posted:** Wed May 05, 2010 00:43:45 am

183 BC

Death of Hanibal

Hannibal was hunted by the Roman envoys from one kingdom to another, till at length, despairing of escape, he terminated his life by poison in Bithhynia.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Wed May 05, 2010 23:28:00 pm

184 BCE

Cato the Elder, along with his colleague, Lucius Valerius Flaccus, is elected censors in Rome. Already the champion of the ancient, austere Roman way of life, Cato, now inaugurates a puritanical campaign. He aims at preserving the mos majorum ("ancestral custom") and combating all Greek influences, which he believes are undermining the older Roman standards of morality. He passes measures taxing luxury and strictly revises the list of persons eligible for the Senate. Abuses by tax gatherers are brought under control, and public building is promoted as a worthy cause.

Cato the Elder

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Mon May 17, 2010 23:06:24 pm

185 BCE

Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus, leading general and politician of the Roman Republic. As consul he will be the commander of the final siege and destruction of Carthage and will be the leader of the senators opposed to the Gracchi (d. 129 BC)

Carthage

iomoon · **Posted:** Tue May 18, 2010 09:18:01 am

186 BCE

The rapid spread of the Bacchanalia cult throughout the Roman Republic, which, it is claimed, indulges in all kinds of crimes and political conspiracies at its nocturnal meetings, leads to the Roman Senate issuing a decree, the Senatus consultum de Bacchanalibus, by which the Bacchanalia are prohibited throughout all Italy except in certain special cases which must be approved specifically by the Senate.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Tue May 18, 2010 22:52:25 pm

187 BCE

The Seleucid king, Antiochus III, mounts a fresh expedition to the east of his kingdom in Luristan, where he is killed during an attempt to collect tribute from a temple at Elymais, Persia. He is succeeded by his son, Seleucus IV, who inherits an empire consisting of Syria (including Cilicia and Palestine), Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Media and Persia.

Coin of Seleucus IV Philopator, stamp Greek: (Î’)Î‘Î£Î™Î›Î•Î©Î£ (Î£Î•)Î›Î•Î¥ÎšÎŸÎ¥

iomoon · **Posted:** Wed May 19, 2010 11:00:43 am

188 BCE

The leader of the Achaean League, Philopoemen, enters northern Laconia with his army and a group of Spartan exiles. His army demolishes the wall that the former tyrant of Sparta, Nabis, has built around Sparta. Philopoemen then restores Spartan citizenship to the exiles and abolishes Spartan law, introducing Achaean law in its place. Sparta's role as a major power in Greece ends, while the Achaean League becomes the dominant power throughout the Peloponnese.

Draccae · **Posted:** Wed May 19, 2010 12:56:54 pm

The statue is gorgeous! A perfect pose and I am just in love with his beard...and his toes are amazing. So, right, I don't have anything relevant to say but I am stealing him for the art history thread.

iomoon · **Posted:** Fri May 21, 2010 03:02:18 am

189 BCE

The defeat of Antiochus III by the Romans in the Battle of Magnesia robs the Aetolian League of its principal foreign ally and makes it impossible for them to stand alone in continued opposition to Rome. The League is forced to sign a peace treaty with Rome that makes it a subject ally of the Republic. Although the League continues to exist in name, the power of the League is broken by the treaty and it never again constitutes a significant political or military force.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Fri May 21, 2010 23:12:48 pm

190 BCE

The Battle of the Eurymedon is fought between a Seleucid fleet and ships from Rhodes and Pergamum, who are allied with the Roman Republic. The Seleucids are led by the famous Carthaginian general Hannibal. The Rhodians and their allies are victorious and Hannibal's fleet is forced to flee.

Palace of the Grand Master in the city of Rhodes

iomoon · **Posted:** Sun May 23, 2010 04:23:55 am

191 BCE

The Romans under Manius Acilius Glabrio and Cato the Elder cut the Seleucid king Antiochus III off from his reinforcements in Thrace and outflank his position at the pass of Thermopylae in the Battle of Thermopylae. With the remainder of his troops, Antiochus flees to Chalcis on Euboea and from there he retreats by sea to Ephesus.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Mon May 24, 2010 23:12:56 pm

192 BCE

Seleucid forces under their king, Antiochus III, invade Greece at the invitation of the Aetolian League, who are revolting against the Romans. The Aetolians appoint him commander in chief of their league. Antiochus lands in Demetrias, Thessaly with only 10,500 men and occupies Euboea. However, he finds little support for his cause in central Greece.

Bust of Antiochus III

iomoon · **Posted:** Wed May 26, 2010 09:57:46 am

193 BCE

Eumenes II of Pergamum appeals to Rome for help against the Seleucid king Antiochus III who is threatening to conquer Greece. The Roman pro-consul Titus Quinctius Flamininus supports the Roman championship of Greek autonomy in Anatolia.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Wed May 26, 2010 23:05:46 pm

194 BCE

Philip V of Macedon, along with Rhodes, Pergamum, and the Achaean League, join Rome against Antiochus III.

Tetradrachm of Philip V of Macedon.

iomoon · **Posted:** Sat Jun 05, 2010 09:00:29 am

195 BCE

Because of his administrative and constitutional reforms in Carthage, Hannibal becomes unpopular with an important faction of the Carthaginian nobility and he is denounced to the Romans for inciting the Seleucid king Antiochus III to take up arms against the Romans. Rome demands that Carthage surrender Hannibal. However, Hannibal voluntarily goes into exile.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Mon Jun 07, 2010 23:13:13 pm

196 BCE

The Insubres, Gauls of the Po Valley, believed by the Romans to have been incited to revolt by Carthage, are finally defeated.

Po River near source in the Western Alps

iomoon · **Posted:** Tue Jun 08, 2010 08:57:38 am

197 BCE

The Spartan ruler, Nabis, acquires the important city of Argos from Philip V of Macedon, as the price of his alliance with the Macedonians. Nabis then defects to the Romans in the expectation of being able to hold on to his conquest.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Tue Jun 08, 2010 23:18:22 pm

198 BCE

After his election to the consulship, Titus Quinctius Flamininus is chosen to replace Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus as the leading Roman general in Macedonia. He then crosses into Macedonia with his army. Flamininus realizes that future peace depends on breaking the power of king Philip V of Macedon, not merely humbling him. He secures the backing of the Achaean League and then opens peace negotiations with Philip at Nicaea in Locris. Though peace proposals are submitted to the Roman Senate, the talks break down, and fighting resumes.

Flaminius restoring Liberty to Greece at the Isthmian Games.

iomoon · **Posted:** Thu Jun 10, 2010 11:32:28 am

199 BCE

Scipio Africanus becomes censor and princeps Senatus (the titular head of the Roman Senate).

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Fri Jun 11, 2010 00:55:26 am

200 BCE

Philip V of Macedon's fleet defeat the Rhodians at Lade. His forces then advance into Pergamum, plundering Pergamese territory and attacking cities in Caria.

The Acarnanians, with Macedonian support, invade Attica, causing Athens, which has previously maintained its neutrality, to seek help from the enemies of Philip. Attalus I of Pergamum, who is with his fleet at Aegina, receives an embassy from Athens asking him to come to the city for consultations. After he is told that Roman ambassadors are also in Athens, Attalus goes there in haste.

The Roman ambassador to Greece, Syria, and Egypt, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus delivers an ultimatum to Philip V warning Macedonia not to make war on any Greek state.

Philip decides to reject the Roman ultimatum and the Romans declare war on Macedon, thus starting the Second Macedonian War.

The Roman consul, Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus, asks Attalus I and his fleet to meet up with the Roman fleet off the Greek Aegean coast and they conduct a naval campaign against Philip V, harassing Macedonian possessions in and along the Aegean.

The eastern hemisphere in 200 BC.

jugoslavija_post · **Posted:** Fri Jun 11, 2010 01:31:56 am

iomoon wrote:

He looks like Bob Newhart. :lol:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

201 BCE

Second Punic war between Romans and Carthaginians ends.

MrSamoa · **Posted:** Fri Jun 11, 2010 03:36:39 am

202 BCE

October 19â€”The Battle of Zama (130 kilometres south-west of Carthage) ends the Second Punic War and largely destroys the power of Carthage. Roman and Numidian forces under the laedership of the Roman general Publius Cornelius Scipio and his Numidian ally, Masinissa, defeat a combined army of Carthaginians and their Numidian allies under the command of Hannibal and forces Carthage to capitulate. Hannibal loses 20,000 men in the defeat, but he is able to escape Masinissa's pursuit.

The Battle of Zama by Henri-Paul Motte, 1890

iomoon · **Posted:** Sat Jun 19, 2010 10:40:07 am

203 BC

The Roman general, Publius Cornelius Scipio, while undertaking peace negotiations with the Carthaginians at Utica, makes a surprise attack on the Carthaginian camp and destroys it. Then, sweeping down on the forces that the Carthaginians and their allies, the Numidians, are trying to muster on the Great Plains near the upper Bagradas River (in modern Tunisia), he smashes that army in the Battle of the Great Plains. The Numidian king, Syphax, and the Carthaginian leader, Hasdrubal Gisco, manage to escape separately.

iomoon · **Posted:** Tue Jul 13, 2010 11:52:32 am

204 BCE

The late Egyptian King Ptolemy IV's clique of favourites, led by Sosibius, Ptolemy's chief minister, keeps Ptolemy's death a secret, fearing retribution from the new king Ptolemy V's mother, Queen Arsinoe III. They arrange for the murder of Arsinoe, and then the five-year-old king is officially elevated to the throne with Sosibius as his guardian. Arsinoe has been popular with the Egyptian population so rioting follows the news of her assassination.

nasia · **Posted:** Mon Jul 19, 2010 11:53:13 am

iomoon wrote:

204 BCE

The late Egyptian King Ptolemy IV's clique of favourites, led by Sosibius, Ptolemy's chief minister, keeps Ptolemy's death a secret, fearing retribution from the new king Ptolemy V's mother, Queen Arsinoe III. They arrange for the murder of Arsinoe, and then the five-year-old king is officially elevated to the throne with Sosibius as his guardian. Arsinoe has been popular with the Egyptian population so rioting follows the news of her assassination.

Last year my professor in Classical Archaeology II introduced its subject by telling us their dynasty. He did make an impression.

205 BC
Philip V of Macedon makes a temporary peace (the Peace of Phoenice) with Rome on favourable terms for Macedonia ending the First Macedonian War. The treaty formally acknowledges the favourable position of Macedonia, including their capture of Illyria, but in return Philip effectively repudiates his alliance with Hannibal.

iomoon · **Posted:** Tue Jul 20, 2010 04:23:53 am

206 BCE

The city of Italica (north west of modern Seville, Spain) is founded by Scipio as a place to settle for the Roman soldiers wounded in the Battle of Ilipa.

nasia · **Posted:** Tue Jul 20, 2010 10:59:41 am

207 BC

Nabis, a Syrian sold into slavery, rises to power in Sparta and becomes regent of the young Spartan king, Pelops, following the death of Machanidas. Nabis soon overthrows Pelops, claiming to be a descendent of the Eurypontid Spartan king Demaratus. Nabis then starts a social revolution which will lead to the freeing of all the helots, the destruction of the ruling oligarchy, the redistribution of land and the cancelling of debts.

iomoon · **Posted:** Wed Jul 21, 2010 05:17:51 am

208 BCE

The Romans under Publius Cornelius Scipio defeat the Carthaginians under their commander Hasdrubal Barca at Baecula (Bailen) in Baetica. As a result, Hasdrubal Barca decides to cross the Pyrenees with his remaining troops into Transalpine Gaul, with the intention of joining his brother Hannibal in Italy.


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